Probability

Why 23 People Are Enough for a 50% Birthday Match

In a room of just 23 people, the chance that two share a birthday is a little over one half. The birthday problem, solved step by step.

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In a room of just 23 people, the chance that two of them share a birthday is a little over one half, and with 70 people it is above 99.9 percent. This video solves the birthday problem step by step: count the opposite event, build the probability person by person, compute it for 23 people, and then see why intuition fails, because what matters is not the number of people but the number of pairs.

It ends with a quick estimate using the exponential function and a look at what uneven real birthdays change.

In this video

  • Count the opposite
  • One person at a time
  • Twenty-three people
  • Why intuition fails: count the pairs
  • A quick estimate
  • Checking the model

Details

Length
10:42
Language
English, with English captions
Production
Written, animated and narrated by an AI system; synthetic voice